The Role of Pragmatics in Digital Communication: Emoticons, Memes, and Online Discourse

Abstract

This study explores the role of pragmatics in digital communication, focusing on the use of

emoticons and memes as non-verbal expression tools in online discourse. Using a qualitative

literature review approach, this research examines how emoticons and memes function as

emotional markers, group identity tools, and social critique media that depend on cultural and

social contexts. The findings show that emoticons and memes play an essential role in reducing

ambiguity and adding layers of meaning to text-based messages, though their use can potentially

lead to cross-cultural misunderstandings. The main conclusion highlights that emoticons and

memes act as pragmatic communicative acts, enriching the relevance and meaning of messages

in digital communication. A pragmatic understanding is essential to interpret these digital

symbols, given their evolving usage with changing trends in online communication.